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BAC +3

TRAVEL ECOSYSTEM

BACHELOR ESCAET is a year rich in knowledge and skills specific to the tourism sector. Here is a diagram of the configuration of this industry.

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APPREHEND THE TRAVEL ECOSYSTEM

In order to clarify these different notions, you will find the semantics related to the travel industry, based on segmentation by sector and managerial practice below. Each sector is managerial practice, is underlined by fact sheets concerning business knowledge related to the tourism industry.

SECTOR
SECTOR

A sector of economic activity is the grouping of manufacturing, industry, trade or service enterprises that have the same main activity. The activity of a sector of economic activity is not entirely homogeneous and includes secondary production or services which would fall under other items of the nomenclature than that of the sector in question, unlike a branch of activity which groups together homogeneous production units.

​MANAGERIAL PRACTICE
​MANAGERIAL PRACTICE

The managerial practices are related to the field of management, that is to say, which encompasses all the techniques related to the organization, management and management of a company. It is thus the mobilization of all the resources in the company (human, financial ...) to optimize the costs, and the efficiency of the economic and social services.

TECHNO
The
Techno

New technologies have changed the habits and customs within societies. They also impact the travel industry.

STAKES

Technological solutions arise from the problems encountered in the different sectors and change the practices practiced by each.

 

Technology solution publishers, GDSs and other IT engineering services companies are positioned in a variety of markets, not to mention that many of them have significant potential in developing their business into new markets: transversality between markets B2C and B2B, C2C model, leisure and business customers.

 

The use of technology solutions in tourism is changing the configuration of the industry, the way consumers plan their vacations and trips, or their purchasing behavior directly at their destination.

ACCOMMODATION
The
Accomodation

The accommodation sector brings together a multitude of payers in the tourism and travel industry. This sector is constantly changing due to the evolution of the market and customer behavior.

STAKES

The problems of the accommodation sector are similar between all the actors that make it up. These are all concerned today with growing distribution issues, whether offline or online. Indeed, we are now witnessing the emergence and evolution of intermediary platforms that have become giants of the net, creating dependency among certain actors, particularly small independent players who can sometimes no longer survive without the help of these networks. distribution channels due to lack of visibility. The stake of the sector is then today to find a balance between the intermediate sales and the profitability of the sales generated directly. These are often sources of investment marketing and webmarketing very heavy.

 

However, the accommodation sector has been able to take a turn in the evolution of the market and technology, adapting to new products and services offered to customers. More and more players in this sector are inclined to offer additional services and to adapt their products to meet the new expectations of consumers (eg the Quick-Check-In, the breakfast included in the price of the overnight stay as well as the provision of a workroom for the business clientele).

TRANSPORT
The
Transport

The transportation sector has always been one of the pillar and founding sectors of ours industry, insofar as it is allow the movement of travelers for both personal and professional reasons.

STAKES

The transportation sector has always been one of the pillar and founding sectors of our industry, insofar as it is the industry that will allow travelers to travel for both personal and professional reasons. These travelers today have various means of locomotion, such as the plane, the train or the car. To meet the growing travel demand of these travelers, many actors have set themselves up to best meet their needs, which are constantly evolving. This is why today we are facing a highly competitive sector in which players are constantly forced to reinvent themselves to maintain their market share.

 

The airline industry is now an integral part of the tourism and travel industry in which we operate. The number of passengers continues to increase today in a world where travel and travel are becoming more democratic. To ensure this growing traffic, many actors specific to this sector have emerged with the creation of a multitude of diverse and varied jobs. Within each of these actors you will contribute for example to the marketing, the promotion or the development of the air product within its various actors.

LEISURE
The
Leisure

The leisure travel industry has evolved considerably through changes in customers behavior and the arrival of new players.

STAKES

Since the end of the 20th century, the travel industry has undergone major changes. Indeed, the democratization of travel is seen by the development of transport, accommodation, but also with the appearance of paid holidays, and a better purchasing power. This awareness of "leisure" gives rise to new players and therefore leaves room for packages, mass tourism, campsites, clubs, and so marketing these offers.The field of travel knows the industrialization of production and production. distribution through the appearance of Tour Operators and the emergence of its large groups in Northern Europe. In addition, we are seeing new tools such as GDS to manage inventories and make dry and tailor-made services for carriers and hosters.

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It was in the 2000s that the appearance of new players progressed with the internet and travel agencies now online, the arrival of online producer aggregators, and pro portals. The online strategies of the so-called traditional players are becoming more complex in addition to societal changes through more accessible information and offers, online booking, commission 0 (new compensation system for French agencies), low-cost companies, and an offer more and more customizable.
 

TRAVEL LOOP

Leisure Travel Loop (4).png
CORPORATE
The
Corporate

Corporat travel is a sector specific to business travel, bringing together all the players involved in the distribution, production and marketing of business travel services.

STAKES

The corporate travel sector is a sector specific to business travel, bringing together all the players involved in the distribution, production and marketing of business travel services. With $ 35.24 billion spent in 2013 for this sector, France ranks third in Europe, behind Germany and the United Kingdom. SMEs (less than 250 employees) and ETI (intermediate establishments, between 250 and 4,999 employees) account for 50% of the volume of French exports. According to the latest white paper from Avexia Voyages, a group of French business travel agencies, French companies spend almost as much money on business travel as advertising!

 

Players :

Client companies
TMC
Consulting Firms

MICE/EVENT
The
MICE
/Event

The MICE sector will bring together all the actors likely to participate or organize events. This concerns both the leisure and corporate sectors.

STAKES

The event brings together all the techniques, actions or actors of "classical" event communication. Overall, all the players in our industry may be concerned by the MICE, whether Leisure or Corporate, but some are more dedicated as congress centers, event agencies or hosts offering seminar rooms. Goals can be diverse and numerous; communicate, promote, launch a product, prospect, federate a team, retain, reward or sell, trade, network ...

 

"General public" events: audience spectator (concert, show, match ...) or actor (tournament, lotto ...), for sports, cultural or commercial purposes.

 

Corporate events: located in the premises or externally, internal public to the company or oriented towards the partners (shareholders, customers, media ...) ".

The
Production

The production sector includes several players whose core business is the design of tourist circuits or who have diversified their activities by offering their own products.

PRODUCTION

STAKES

The problems of the sector are mainly related to the evolution of consumer behavior. He is more demanding in his request, he is 100% connected and wants a product ultra personalized. The firm commitment, which was the most common practice before, is replaced by the allotment to retain its retrocession rights. Last minute changes have become customary, producers have difficulty making long-term commitments. Also, customers are stingy with last-minute products, they have the impression of getting a good deal, while often it is early booking that has the best discounts. In addition, production must learn to adapt to each type of traveler. A production manager must be able to identify the expectations and desires of customers to produce the perfect holiday for each person.

The industry's challenge today is to customize its production to the maximum while automating time-consuming tasks to save time and be more efficient. This can be possible thanks to technology.

DISTRIBUTION
The
Distribution

This sector includes the various OTAs as well as different distribution platforms, specialized or not. SSIIs can also be included in this section since they will be able to play a key role in the distribution of different actors.

STAKES

Distribution refers to all the players marketing the product or services to the final consumer (individual or company). The notion of distribution is therefore reflected in the distribution strategy of a product or service, the distribution channel (s) and its distribution network. This sector includes wholesale intermediaries.


Distribution expertise includes the control of distribution channels (both offline and online), the knowledge of the players involved in the distribution of a product, good methods in this area and the most relevant channels for to distribute themselves.

© par Alice Maillard

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